<jats:p> A soil organism identified as <jats:italic>Streptomyces libani</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>soldani</jats:italic> was found to produce 4-thiouracil. The product was isolated in a yield of 150 μg/ml of filtered beer and characterized by C-13 magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectroscopy. The product has a broad antibacterial spectrum but low specific activity.