The alkaloids of Buxus hyrcana Pojark. were studied for the first time. The raw material was collected from natural growth sites in the Hyrcanian woods (Lenkoran' region, Azerbaidzhan SSR) in October 1972. Chloroform extraction yielded the total alkaloids from the leaves, with a yield of 0.95% on the air-dry weight. A concentrated chloroform solution of the total alkaloids (80 g) was treated with 10% sulfuric acid; the acid extract was alkalized, and the bases were extracted first with ether (yield 50 g) and then with chloroform (yield 25 g). The ether-soluble fraction was passed through an alumina column (activity grade H) and eluted with benzene (fractions 41-78). The residue obtained after removing benzene was treated with ether, giving 0.6 g of a crystalline base with the composition C24H37NO2, mp 177-178°C (acetone), [α]D +155.5° (c 0.239; ethanol), Rf 0.66 [TLC system 1: chloroform-benzene-ethanol (10:8:2)] and Rf 0.22 [TLC system 2: benzene-ethanol (19:1)]. The IR spectrum (UR-20, paraffin oil) showed absorption bands at (cm⁻¹) 896, 1630, 3095 (exomethylene bond), 1040, 3595 (hydroxy group), 1455 (cyclopropane ring), 1695 (carbonyl group), and 3290 (secondary amine group). Treatment with acetic anhydride in pyridine gave a diacetyl derivative (C28H41NO4) with mp 193-197°C (ether) and Rf 0.64 (TLC system 2); its IR spectrum showed absorption bands at 1730 (ester group), 1697 (carbonyl group), and 1643 (amide group), with no bands for free secondary amine or hydroxy groups. Comparison of the IR spectra and physicochemical constants of the isolated base with those of buxtamine [1,2] showed complete identity. This is the first isolation of buxtamine from plants of the USSR flora [3-6].