Alkaloids of Tabernaemontana divaricata

Phytochemistry
1974.0

Abstract

The plants of genus Tabernaemontana are fairly widely distributed constituting one of the most abundant groups of Apocynaceae and have extensively been examined for their alkaloidal constituents. T. divaricata R. Br. ex Roem and Schult is grown throughout India in gardens as an ornamental shrub. This species is represented by two varieties; one with petals in a single whirl (var 1) and the other with petals in two whirls (var. 2). Although careful studies by Raghuvanshi and Chauhan have indicated marked morphological differences between these two (var. 1 is diploid and var. 2 is triploid), no mention of any differences in their chemical constituents has been published. This, coupled with the reported anticancer activity in the crude extractives of this plant prompted us to reexamine both varieties separately. The results were of considerable interest since the leaves of var. 1 afforded coronaridine, voacangine, voaphylline and tabernaemontanine whereas only voaphylline and lochnericine were obtained from the leaves of var 2. With the isolation of tabernaemontanine, voacangine and voaphylline, the representative examples of corynanthe, boga and aspidosperma skeletons respectively, T. divaricata becomes the seventh instance in the family Apocynaceae which produces all the three main types of the indole alkaloids and is, therefore, of considerable interest from the biogenetic viewpoint.

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