A survey of the literature indicated that Symphytum orientale has not been investigated, whereas other Symphytum species such as S.officinalis and S.asperum have been studied, with senecio alkaloids symphytine and echimidine isolated and determined. An alcoholic extract of the roots of S.orientale yielded a mixture of seven alkaloids, one of which was a new alkaloid Anadoline (I). Anadoline has a melting point of 186°C (degradation), [α]22 +9.2 (c=0.7, CHCl3), and a molecular formula of C20H29NO6·H2O (confirmed by elementary analysis and mass spectra with a molecular ion peak at 379 corresponding to C20H29NO6). Its spectral data (UV: λmax 226 nm (logε 3.26); IR (KBr): 3450 (OH), 1740 and 1700 (two ester carbonyl), 1650 (double bond), 1387 cm⁻¹ (isopropyl group); NMR (CDCl3)) revealed the presence of five methyl groups, two OH groups, a vinylic proton, and other protons, with an NMR spectrum similar to that of symphytine and echimidine. The structure of Anadoline was confirmed by hydrolysis and hydrogenolysis. Hydrolysis with 10% aqueous NaOH yielded tiglic acid (C5H8O2, m.p. 64°C) and trachelantic acid (C7H14O4, m.p. 90°C), identified by mixed m.p. and IR comparison with standard samples. The amino alcohol part contained two double bonds, as proven by hydrogenation. Hydrogenolysis of Anadoline in dilute sulfuric acid using platinum oxide as a catalyst consumed four moles of hydrogen, indicating two double bonds in the amino alcohol. The structure of Anadoline was determined to be 7-(2'-methyl butyryl)retronecanol.