The occurrence of aristolactams in the Saururaceae family confirms the close botanical relationship to the Piperaceae. A reversed phase (RP18) HPLC method has been developed for the analyses and standardization of aristolactams in H. cordata, which can serve also as a screening method for related species. Compounds 1—4 showed good to moderate activity in the COX assay. Norcepharadione B appeared to be the most active compound with an IC50 value of about 150 pM. Therefore, aristolactams might contribute to the therapeutical efficacy of the drug. However, the main active principle has still to be found. Here we report the identification and quantification of the main glycoalkaloids from Solanum triflorum Nutt. Freeze-dried plant material was extracted as given in Ehmke and Eilert (4). The glycoalkaloids were purified by droplet countercurrent chromatography (DCCC) using the lower phase of CHCl3:MeOH:H2O = 7:13:8 as stationary phase and the upper phase as mobile phase. The major glycoalkaloids of S. triflorum were identified by FAB-MS and NMR: 1 (MH+ m/z = 884) α-solasonine, 2 (MH+ m/z = 868) α-solamargine. They are accompanied by β-solamargine (MH+ m/z = 722). Thus, S. triflorum belongs to the group of Solanum species containing solasodine glycosides as main compounds. The quantitation of solasonine and solamargine was achieved by HPLC, comparing the peak area with α-solasonine as standard. The distribution of glycoalkaloids in the plant shows a predominant accumulation in the fruits (Table 1). The total glycoalkaloid concentration in the fruits varies between samples from 1.1 mg/g dry wt to >10 mg/g dry wt, depending on the year and the harvest time. α-Solamargine is most prominent in leaves and fruits, whereas it is not detectable in the roots. As solasodine glycosides cause severe gastrointestinal necrosis and have the ability to induce malformations in hamsters at concentrations of 5—10 mg/kg body wt (5), S. triflorum fruits are not suitable for consumption.