Three new glycodienoid alkaloids, (+)-11β-methoxyglucoerysodine [3], (+)-11β-methoxyglucoerysovine [4], and (+)-rhamnoerysodine [5], have been isolated from Egyptian-grown Erythrina lysistemon. The known (+)-glucoerysodine [2] was also obtained, and ¹H- and ¹³C-nmr values are presented for the dienoid and glycoside portions. A reversal of proton assignments for H-1 and H-2 in all previously described dienoids is noted. Since the original identification of Erythrina alkaloids by Folkers and Major (1) in 1937, this family of compounds has grown to include some 95 members, many of which have been shown to possess curare-like activity (1,2). This neuromuscular blocking property has prompted our study of the seeds of Egyptian-grown Erythrina lysistemon Hutchinson (Leguminosae). We were able to reisolate five previously described dienoids, namely (+)-erysodine [1], (+)-erythristemine, (+)-erysotrine, (+)-erythravine, and (+)-erysotrine N-oxide, all of which were readily identified through nmr and mass spectral comparisons (3). Of greater import, however, was the isolation of three novel glycosides, (+)-11β-methoxyglucoerysodine [3], (+)-11β-methoxyglucoerysovine [4], and (+)-rhamnoerysodine [5]. The known (+)-glucoerysodine [2] was also reisolated and characterized by nmr spectroscopy. Isomers 3 and 4 were analyzed as a mixture because they could not be separated chromatographically. The ¹H-nmr spectral characteristics for each of the new alkaloids will be described in detail in the discussion that follows. It should be pointed out immediately that detailed ¹H and ¹³C data were employed to establish the identities of compounds 1 through 5. These led to the reversal of the ¹H chemical shift assignments for H-1 and H-2 of (+)-erysodine [1] in particular, and consequently for all the commonly accepted H-1 and H-2 values of Erythrina dienoids in general (4). Additionally, the ¹³C chemical shifts of C-2 and C-13 in the known (+)-glucoerysodine [2] have been reversed based upon heteronuclear correlation experiments (5). The ¹H and ¹³C assignments for the glucose moiety of this alkaloid are now reported for the first time around structures 2a and 2b, respectively.