The plant Fumaria vaillantii Loisl. has yielded protopine, fumaridine, fumaramine, d-α-hydrastine, l-adlumine, d-bicuculline, and l-adlumidine (this being the first time that l-adlumidine has been isolated from the genus Fumaria), and the new base vaillantine. On the basis of UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectra, and also the identity of O,O-dimethylvaillantine with muramine, the structure of vaillantine has been established as 2,3-didemethylmuramine. © 1976 Plemum Publishing Corporation.