A chemical investigation of a Chinese <i>Pseudomonas aurantiaca</i> strain has yielded a new benzoquinone (<b>4</b>) and furanone (<b>5</b>), in addition to the known dialkylresorcinols <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>. Extensive decomposition studies on the major metabolite <b>1</b> produced an additional furanone derivative (<b>6</b>), a hydroxyquinone (<b>7</b>), and two unusual resorcinol and hydroxyquinone dimers (<b>8</b> and <b>9</b>). Structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. These studies illustrate the potential of artifacts as a source of additional chemical diversity. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed moderate antibacterial activity against a panel of Gram-positive pathogens, while the antibacterial activities of the artifacts (<b>4</b>-<b>9</b>) were reduced.