Chemical screening of extracts of Actinomycetes strains has led to the detection, isolation, and structure elucidation of the new cyclic depsipeptide rakicidin C (1). The secondary metabolite from Streptomyces sp. (strain GT 61042) is built up from glutamine, N-methyl glycine, 4-amino-(2E,4) pentadienoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-2,4,6,8-tetramethylnonanoic acid.