Three new anthracyclines, FCE 21424 (2), FCE 24366 (3) and FCE 24367 (4), were isolated from culture broths of Streptomyces peucetius and its mutant strains after addition of sodium barbiturates during the fermentation. Structural assignment, achieved through spectroscopic and degradative studies, that the new anthracyclines had a common barminomycin-like structure incorporating different barbiturate moieties. The new anthracyclines were found to display outstanding cytotoxicity and remarkable potency "in vivo" against P388 ascitic leukemia.