<jats:p>Sodefrin‐like female‐attracting pheromone was purified from the abdominal glands of male sword‐tailed newts, <jats:italic>Cynops ensicauda</jats:italic>, by gel‐filtration chromatography and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. The final product comprises 10 amino acid residues with the sequence SILSKDAQLK which coincided with the sequence deduced from its precursor cDNA. This peptide was designated silefrin. The sequence of silefrin was different from that of sodefrin by two amino acid residues, with substitutions Leu for Pro and Gln for Leu at positions 3 and 8, respectively. Both native and synthetic silefrin exerted an equipotent activity in attracting conspecific females.