Growth of Bacillus megaferium ATCC 19213 at limiting concentrations of iron induced the organism to excrete the iron-transport agent schizokinen. Hydrolysis of schizokinen with mineral acid yielded a novel organic hydroxylamine, characterized by synthesis as l-amino-3-(Nhydroxyamin0)propane. Oxidation with periodate afforded acetate as the acyl moiety of the hydroxamic acid bonds of schizokinen. Examination of the intact molecule by means of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy enabled the conclusion that it is composed of a residue of citric acid symmetrically substituted in amide linkage to the amino groups of two residues of 1 -amino-3-(N-hydroxy,N-acetyl)aminopropane. The ferric complex of schizokinen was prepared and shown to be an anion at neutral pH. A minor neutral component of unknown structure named schizokinen A appeared in the medium and could also be prepared from schizokinen by heating.