Two anthraquinones and their glycosides have been isolated from the root bark of Cassia javanica. The aglycones were identified as emodin and 5-hydroxyemodin by mp, mmp, colour reactions and IR, UV, NMR and mass spectral data. These compounds have been reported from many plant sources [1, 2]. The other two pigments (1, 2) gave characteristic colour reactions of hydroxyanthraquinones and on acid hydrolysis, gave emodin and 5-hydroxyemodin respectively together with rhamnose. The attachment of the sugar moiety at position-8 in both cases was established by colour reactions [3] and UV spectra [4]. Both glycosides consumed 2 mol of periodate per mol liberating one mol of formic acid showing that the sugar is in the pyranose form. Hydrolysis of the glycosides by diastase indicated the α-nature of sugar linkage in both cases. On the basis of these results, the glycosides are 1.6-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone 8-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone 8-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2). These glycosides have not been reported earlier from any plant source.