Progress toward the Total Synthesis of Lymphostins: Preparation of a Functionalized Tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline and Unusual Oxidative Dimerization

The Journal of Organic Chemistry
2019.0

Abstract

The lymphostins are a family of closely related pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline natural products produced by Streptomyces and Salinispora actinobacteria. Neolymphostin A was recently shown to strongly inhibit phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in a covalent manner via conjugation to a catalytic lysine residue in the ATP-binding pocket of the enzymes, making this metabolite the first reported covalent kinase inhibitor from a bacterium. A flexible and efficient synthetic route toward these alkaloids would allow for improvements in their solubility, stability, and selectivity and help to deliver a viable drug candidate. We have since established a short synthesis to methyl 8-bromo-1,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline-4-carboxylate via a conjugate addition/intramolecular Ullman reaction sequence. However, attempts to oxidize this intermediate to the pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline characteristic of the lymphostins resulted in formation of either a 2-oxo-1,2dihydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline or an unusual N,C-linked tetrahydropyrroloquinoline-pyrroloquinoline heterodimer. We expect that key modifications to the tetrahydropyrroloquinoline intermediate prior to oxidation should prevent these side reactions and pave the way for the completion of the synthesis.

Knowledge Graph

Similar Paper

Progress toward the Total Synthesis of Lymphostins: Preparation of a Functionalized Tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-<i>de</i>]quinoline and Unusual Oxidative Dimerization
The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2019.0
Discovery and Assembly-Line Biosynthesis of the Lymphostin Pyrroloquinoline Alkaloid Family of mTOR Inhibitors in Salinispora Bacteria
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2011.0
Neolymphostin A Is a Covalent Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Dual Inhibitor That Employs an Unusual Electrophilic Vinylogous Ester
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2018.0
Lymphostin (LK6-A), a Novel Immunosuppressant from Streptomyces sp. KY11783: Structural Elucidation.
The Journal of Antibiotics 1997.0
Lymphostin (LK6-A), a Novel Immunosuppressant from Streptomyces sp. KY11783: Taxonomy of the Producing Organism, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Activities.
The Journal of Antibiotics 1997.0
Lymphostin (LK6-A), a Novel Immunosuppressant from Streptomyces sp. KY11783: Taxonomy of the Producing Organism, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Activities.
The Journal of Antibiotics 1997.0
Perquinolines A–C: Unprecedented Bacterial Tetrahydroisoquinolines Involving an Intriguing Biosynthesis
Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2019.0
Perquinolines A–C: Unprecedented Bacterial Tetrahydroisoquinolines Involving an Intriguing Biosynthesis
Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2019.0
Total Synthesis of Spiroalkaloids Lycibarbarines A–C
European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2023.0
Synthesis of hybrid phosphorated indenoquinolines and biological evaluation as topoisomerase I inhibitors and antiproliferative agents
Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2022.0