Two new phenylacylphenols, knerachelins A [1] and B [2], with antibacterial activity have been isolated from the leaves of Knema furfuracea (Myristicaceae), and their structures were determined from spectral data (ir, ms, nmr).The genus Knema (Myristicaceae), distributed in tropical Africa, Asia and Australasia, and used in traditional medicine, has been subjected to few phytochemical studies. In addition to lignans, a series of homologous anacardic acids was isolated from the seed oil of Knema elegans (1) and the stem bark of Knema furfuracea (Hk.f. et Th.) Warb. (2,3). Acyl phenol derivatives were identified as constituents of Knema laurina, Knema tenuinervia (4), and Knema austrosiamensis (5). Related compounds, malabaricones B and C, recently isolated from mace, the dried seed covers of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), were shown to have antimicrobial activity (6).Several parts of K. furfuracea are used in South Asian folk medicine. In this paper, we report the isolation from the leaves of K. furfuracea and the structure elucidation of two novel acylphenols, knerachelins A [1] and B [2].