Four new trichostatin analogues (1–4) and six known analogues have been isolated from the rice fermentation of the Streptomyces sp. CPCC 203909. The structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis including 2D NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations based on the quantum-mechanical time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Compounds 2, 5–7, 9, and 10 up-regulated the transcriptional activity of human high density lipoprotein receptor (CLA-1) with EC50 values of 0.38–78.83 lM.