Previously, a new kirromycin analog L-681,217 (2, Figure 1a), which lacked pyridine ring was isolated from Streptomyces cattleya ATCC 39203.16 On the basis of these results, we performed chemical investigation on a MeOH extract of S. cattelya NBRC 14057 (type strain) to search for new kirromycin analogs. As a result, a new kirromycin analog demethyl-L-681,217 (1) was isolated as an antibacterial compound from S. cattelya along with a known compound L-681,217 (2). As the genome sequence of the type strain of S. cattletya was previously determined,17 the biosynthetic gene cluster was searched for and found based on the similarity to that of kirromycin. Here we describe the isolation and structure determination of a new kirromycin analog demethyl-L-681,217 (1) and discuss the possible biosynthetic gene cluster.