The seed of Sophora alopecuroides (Fabaceae) is a traditional Chinese medicine called locally "kudouzi", which is used as an antibacterial and antiinflammatory agent and is widely distributed in northwest China. Previous phytochemical studies of S. alopecuroides led to the isolation of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and organic acids. Herein we describe the isolation and structure determination of compounds from the dried seeds of S. alopecuroides. Dried seeds were powdered and refluxed with petroleum ether to degrease, then extracted with boiling 95% aqueous EtOH. The extract was subjected to silica gel chromatography with gradient MeOH:CHCl3 and Sephadex LH-20 elution with MeOH to isolate compounds. The structure of the compounds was deduced from spectroscopic experiments. Our systematic phytochemical study led to the isolation of 14 compounds, in which 9 compounds (1–4, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14) were isolated from the species for the first time. Among them, sulfuretin (3) and dihydrophaseic acid (7) were the first to be isolated from the genus Sophora. To the best of our knowledge, compounds 3 and 7 were also the first reports on the occurrence of aurone and sesquiterpene from this genus, respectively. These compounds add to the types of secondary metabolites of the genus Sophora and may contribute to the chemotaxonomic characteristics of this species.