In vitro and computational studies of the β-lactamase inhibition and β-lactam potentiating properties of plant secondary metabolites

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
2023.0

Abstract

beta-lactam resistance in bacteria is primarily mediated through the production of beta-lactamases. Among the several strategies explored to mitigate the issue of beta-lactam resistance, the use of plant secondary metabolites in combination with existing plactams seem promising. The present study aims to identify possible Pdactam potentiating plant secondary metabolites following in vitro and in silico approaches. Among 180 extracts from selected 30 medicinal plants, acetone extract of Ficus religiosa (FRAE) bark recorded the least IC50 value of 3.9 mg/ml. Under in vitro conditions, FRAE potentiated the activity of ampicillin, which was evidenced by the significant reduction in IC50 values of ampicillin against multidrug resistant bacteria. Metabolic profiling following HR-LCMS analysis revealed the presence of diverse metabolites viz. flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc. in FRAE. Further, ensemble docking of the FRAE metabolites against four Class A beta-lactamase (SHV1, TEM1, KPC2 and CTX-M-27) showed quercetin, taxifolin, myricetin, luteolin, and miquelianin as potential inhibitors with the least average binding energy. In molecular dynamic simulation studies, myricetin formed the most stable complex with SHV1 and KPC-2 while miquelianin with TEM1 and CTX-M-27. Further, all five metabolites interacted with amino acid residue Glu166 in Q loop of plactamase, interfering with the deacylation step, thereby disrupting the enzyme activity. The pharmacokinetics and ADMET profile indicate their drug-likeness and non-toxic nature, making them ideal beta-lactam potentiators. This study highlights the ability of metabolites present in FRAE to act as beta-lactamase inhibitors.[GRAPHICS].

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