A new pyrrolidine alkaloid, acanthophoraine A (1), along with six known alkaloids (2-7), had been isolated from the red algaAcanthophora spicifera. The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of1was established by ECD calculation. Compound1represents the first example ofN-isobutyl pyrrolidone with an urea arm. The antimicrobial activity of1was also evaluated.