A novel ureidobromophenol, rhodomelin A (1), was characterized from Rhodomela confervoides. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Both enantiomers of 1 were synthesized using a convergent strategy starting from d/l-pyroglutamic acids, respectively, allowing assignment of the R-configuration for the naturally occurring isomer by chiral HPLC analysis. Rhodomelin A represents the first example of a naturally occurring ureidopyrrolidone alkaloid incorporating a gamma-aminobutyric acid unit. The scavenging activity of 1 toward DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) radicals was assayed.