Thirteen previously undescribed lycodine-type Lycopodium alkaloids, namely, five alkaloids (lycocasuarines D–H) each possessing an uncommon five-membered C ring and eight Lycopodium alkaloid glycosides (casuarinosides A–H), together with a known analog, were isolated from the aerial parts of Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides (Spring) Holub ex R.D.Dixit (Lycopodiaceae). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and chemical methods. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd