The results of a survey of Brazilian Aspidosperma species are reported and the structures of seven new alkaloids described. Of these, two have the carbon-nitrogen skeleton of aspidospermatidine (LV) and four that of aspidofractinine (LXV). The last is olivacine-N-oxide (XXII). In addition the chemistry of compactinervine, (VI) an alkaloid with the strychane skeleton, is presented. © 1965.