Three new azafluorene alkaloids were isolated from Oxandra xylopioidies. The structures of the alkaloids, as determined by organic syntheses and/or spectral analyses, were shown to be 4-azafluorenones, 6-hydroxyonychine [3], 5-hydroxy-6-methoxyonychine [4], and 2,6-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyonychine [5]. The syntheses also provided three additional azaflourenone alkaloids, which were identified as 5,6-dimethoxyonychine [6], 8-hydro-xyonychine [7], and 5,8-dimethoxyonychine {8]. The physical and spectral properties of these azafluorene alkaloids are discussed. © 1987, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.