Two new dihydrobenzophenanthridine-type alkaloids, 6-methoxy [1, 3]dioxolo[4′,5′:4,5]benzo[c][1,3]dioxolo[4,5-j]phenanthridine (1) and 2,3,13-trimethoxy-5,11a-dihydro[1,3]dioxolo[4′5′:4,5]- benzo[c]phenanthridine (2) were isolated from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, together with four other previously known benzophenanthridine alkaloids, 6-acetonyldihydronitidine (3) {= 8-acetonyldihydronitidine}, 6-acetonyldihydroavicine (4) {= 8-acetonyldihydroavicine}, 6-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine (5) and xanthoxyline (6). The structures were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. For alkaloids 1 and 2 we propose the trivial names rhoifolines A and B. The crude plant extracts and the alkaloids 3, 4 and 6 showed activity against Gram (±) bacteria, while the new alkaloids 1 and 2 were inactive.