A new alkaloid named stemospironine (I) was isolated together with stemofoline (II) as the main insecticidal constituents of leaves and stems of Stemonajapollica Miq. The absolute stereostructure of I has been determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Stemofoline (II) showed a much stronger activity than I against silkworm larvae (Bombyx mori L.) by oral administration. © 1978 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.