The pyrroles Ia-c were used as precursor for the preparation of pyrrolo [2, 3-d] pyrimidine-2 and/or 4 thione derivatives IIa-f. A series of 8-Aryl-pyrrolo [2, 3-d] thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine VI and VII were prepared. Alkylation of the thione compounds in basic medium afforded the pyrrolo [2, 3-d] pyrimidine IV. Also, some 2-amino pyrrolo [2, 3-d]pyrimidines V were obtained. Some newly synthesized compounds were examined for their in vitro anti-inflammatory. Also, all new compounds were examined for their in vivo anti-microbial activity. Several derivatives, showed a promising anti-inflammatory activity in compared to ibuprofen. In this paper, we examine and discuss the structure-activity relationships and anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds.