Five analogs of oxytocin have been synthesized with a homocysteine residue in position 6 and 2-, 3-, or 4-carbon residues in position 1. The compounds, which contain 20-, 21-, and 22-membered disulfide rings, respectively, were [1-alpha-mercaptoacetic acid,6-homocysteine]oxytocin, [6-homocysteine]oxytocin, [1-beta-mercaptopropionic acid,6-homocysteine]oxytocin, [1,6-homocystine]oxytocin, and [1-gamma-mercaptobutyric acid,6-homocysteine]oxytocin. The appropriate protected polypeptide intermediates were prepared by the solid-phase method of peptide synthesis. The protecting groups were removed by treatment with Na in NH3 and the disulfide bond was formed by oxidation with ICH2CH2I in aqueous MeOH. Purification was effected by partition chromatography followed by gel filtration. The pharmacological activities of all five analogs are reported for the oxytocic, avian vasodepressor, and rat pressor assays. Compared to oxytocin, these analogs exhibited sharply reduced agonist potencies, and several exhibited antagonist acitivty.