A novel series of 1-(aryl aldehyd oxime) uracil derivatives were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for its inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase. Among them, the compound 8d, 8e, 8f, 8g and 8l displayed potent thymidine phosphorylase inhibitory activities with the IC50 values ranging between 0.12 ± 0.05 and 7.2 ± 1.4 μM. And the compounds 8a, 8h, 8i, 8j, 8m, 8n, 8o, 8q, 8s, 8t and 8u (IC50 is from 10.7 to 39.9 μM) showed a good thymidine phosphorylase inhibition when compared to the standard 7DX and TPI. The most biologically active compound 8l was demonstrated to be a competition mode of enzyme inhibition. The Molecular docking analysis showed the interaction of these newly synthesized compounds at the active binding site of thymidine phosphorylase based on the experimental results. In general, these results indicated these compounds are promising inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase for the potential treatment of anti-angiogenesis.