Under the guidance of MS/MS-based molecular networking, four new cycloheptapeptides, namely, asperheptatides A-D (<b>1</b>-<b>4</b>), were isolated together with three known analogues, asperversiamide A-C (<b>5</b>-<b>7</b>), from the coral-derived fungus <i>Aspergillus versicolor</i>. The planar structures of the two major compounds, asperheptatides A and B (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>), were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues were determined by advanced Marfey's method. The two structurally related trace metabolites, asperheptatides C and D (<b>3</b> and <b>4</b>), were characterized by ESI-MS/MS fragmentation methods. A series of new derivatives (<b>8</b>-<b>26</b>) of asperversiamide A (<b>5</b>) were semisynthesized. The antitubercular activities of <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, and <b>5</b>-<b>26</b> against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> H37Ra were also evaluated. Compounds <b>9</b>, <b>13</b>, <b>23</b>, and <b>24</b> showed moderate activities with MIC values of 12.5 μM, representing a potential new class of antitubercular agents.