Potentiating the intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitor

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
2022.0

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is an emerging human pathogen that has become difficult to treat due to its high resistance against wide range of drugs. Emergence of drug resistant isolates has further convoluted the treatment process. Among different resistance mechanisms, efflux pump proteins play a central role and has made itself a direct approach for therapeutic exploration. To demarcate the role of dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitor in S. aureus1199B (NorA over producing) strain total seventeen analogues were synthesized and tested for their modulatory effects on norfloxacin and Etbr resistance. Further accumulation assays, bacterial time kill kinetics, cytotoxicity assay were also carried out. The intracellular killing ability of analogues, as EPI was determined using THP-1 monocytes. The binding interaction of analogues with NorA was also predicted. Dihydroquinazoline analogues notably reduced the MIC of norfloxacin and Etbr in S. aureus1199B. In addition to their very low toxicity, they showed high Etbr and norfloxacin accumulation respectively. Further effective over time log reduction in bacterial kill kinetics in presence of these analogues confirmed their role as NorA efflux pump inhibitor. FESEM analysis clearly depicted their effect on the cell surface morphology owing to its lyses. The most significant finding of this study was the ability of analogues to significantly reduce the intracellular S. aureus1199B in human THP-1 monocytes in presence of norfloxacin. Our study has shown for the first time the possibility of developing the dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitors for S. aureus and control its infection.

Knowledge Graph

Similar Paper

Potentiating the intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by dihydroquinazoline analogues as NorA efflux pump inhibitor
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2022.0
Evolution from a Natural Flavones Nucleus to Obtain 2-(4-Propoxyphenyl)quinoline Derivatives As Potent Inhibitors of the S. aureus NorA Efflux Pump
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2011.0
Re-evolution of the 2-Phenylquinolines: Ligand-Based Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Potent New Class of Staphylococcus aureus NorA Efflux Pump Inhibitors to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2013.0
2-Phenylquinoline S. aureus NorA Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Evaluation of the Importance of Methoxy Group Introduction
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2018.0
Studies on 2-phenylquinoline Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump inhibitors: New insights on the C-6 position
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2018.0
Substituted dihydronaphthalenes as efflux pump inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2010.0
From Phenothiazine to 3-Phenyl-1,4-benzothiazine Derivatives as Inhibitors of theStaphylococcus aureusNorA Multidrug Efflux Pump
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2008.0
Synthesis of amides from (E)-3-(1-chloro-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)acrylic acid and substituted amino acid esters as NorA efflux pump inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2019.0
New C-6 functionalized quinoline NorA inhibitors strongly synergize with ciprofloxacin against planktonic and biofilm growing resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2022.0
Evaluation of Elaiophylin extracted from Streptomyces hygroscopicus as a potential inhibitor of the NorA efflux protein in Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro and in silico approach
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2021.0