<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Five cerebrosides B-1−B-4 were isolated from the fraction B, obtained from the latex of Euphorbia characias L. On the basis of spectral evidences and chemical reactions they were characterized as (2S, 3S, 4R, 8Z)-1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2N-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxytetracosenoyl]-8 (Z)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol-2-amino (B-1), (2S, 3S, 4R, 8Z)-1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2 N-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyhexacosenoyl]-8(Z)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol-2-amino(B-2), (2 S, 3 S,4 R, 8 Z)-1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2N-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyoctacosenoyl]-8 (Z)-octa-decene-1,3,4-triol-2-amino (B-3), (2 S, 3 S, 4R, 8Z)-1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2N-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyhexacosanoyl]-8 (Z)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol-2-amino (B-3a), (2S, 3S, 4R, 8Z)-1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2 N-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyheptacosanoyl]-8 (Z)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol-2-amino (B-4). <jats:p> Reversed phase column flash chromatography was effective for the isolation of the cerebrosides. FAB-MS spectrometry, <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H NMR, <jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C NMR analyses and DQF-COSY and <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H-detected HMQC (single bond and multiple bond) experiments and chemical reactions were useful in providing informations for the structure elucidation.