Several chemical studies of Fumaria pawiflora Lam. (Fumariaceae) have been reported, showing it produces a variety of protoberberine, phthalideisoquinoline, benzophenanthridine, spirobenzylisoquinoline, aporphine, and protopine alkaloids. However, F. pawiflora of Turkish origin had never been investigated. Since this plant grows profusely near the campus of Ege University in Izmir, we carried out a rapid screening of its alkaloidal content to search for new alkaloids. Column chromatography of the basic alkaloidal fraction from F. pawiflora, followed by TLC, provided a sample of a new protopine alkaloid, izmirine. Structural elucidation via mass spectroscopy (molecular ion m/z 355, base peak m/z 148), ¹H-NMR (H-4 chemical shift change upon O-methylation indicating a C-3 phenolic group), UV spectroscopy (bathochromic shift with base consistent with a p-hydroxyketone system), and diazomethane O-methylation (yielding cryptopine) showed izmirine is O-demethylcryptopine with a phenolic function at C-3. Izmirine is the first protopine-type alkaloid to possess a phenolic function at C-3. Several known alkaloids were also obtained and will be reported in a separate paper.