1H,1′H-[3,3′]biindolyl from the terrestrial fungus Gliocladium catenulatum

The Journal of Antibiotics
2010.0

Abstract

While screening fungal cultures of diverse origin for new bioactive metabolites against Paenibacillus larvae (the causative agent of American foulbrood in honeybees), we investigated a strain of the terrestrial fungus Gliocladium catenulatum. From its mycelial extract, we isolated a previously undescribed biindol metabolite 1, along with two known ETP-derived compounds 2 and 3. Structural analysis using techniques such as 2D NMR and HR-MS elucidated the structure of compound 1 as 3,3¢-biindole. Compound 1 showed specific antimicrobial activity against P. larvae, with an inhibition halo diameter of 15 mm (50 mg per disk) and a MIC of 5 mg per disk. Compounds 2 and 3 were identified as the known gliocladins A and C based on their spectroscopic data. Compound 1 had not been reported as a natural product before (only as a synthetic compound), and this is the first report of isolating these compounds from G. catenulatum.

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