1,5-Dihydroxyxanthone, 1,7dihydroxyxanthone, 1,6dihydroxy-5methoxyxanthone, lupeol, betuhn and ,5?-sitosterol were isolated from Rheediagardneriuna Pl. & Tr. Plant. Rheedia gara!neriana PI. k Tr., trivial name "bacupari", family Guttiferae. Source. Dois Irmlos forest, Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil.Bark. The benzene extract (155 g, 5 %) was chromatographed on a silica column. From fractions eluted with benzene-CHCl, crystallized lupeol (10 g), and from fractions eluted with CHCl, crystallized betulin (30 mg).Wood. The benzene extract (57 g, 0.7%) was chromatographed on a silica column. The fraction eluted with CHC& was crystallized from EtOH. First crop: Aliphatic ester, m.p. 80-83" (184 mg); second crop: @itosterol (1 g). The residue of the mother-liquor was chromatographed on a silica column. Elution with benxene-CHCI 3 (1: 1) produced a fraction which was crystallized from CHCl,-light petroleum, affording l &dihydroxy-5 methoxyxanthone (30 mg) (buchanaxanthone), isolated previously from Garcinia buchananii Baker2 and CalophylIum fragrans Ridley.3 The residue of the mother-liquor was crystallized from EtOH yielding 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone (10 mg) isolated previously from G. buchananii Baker,2 Mammea americana L.,4 M. africana G. Don' and Mesua ferrea L.6 Elution with chloroform produced 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (9 mg) (euxanthone), widespread in Guttiferae species.'All substances were identified by direct comparison (co-chromatography, mixed m.p., U.V. and i.r. spectra) with authentic samples.2s8