<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>From the underground parts of Thalictrum orientale Boiss., a new phenolic compound 1 was isolated in addition to one known cyanoglycoside, lithospermoside (2). For the structure elucidation of all compounds, 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques (DEPT, COSY, HMBC, HSQC) and MS (HR-MALDI) were used. The structure of the new compound was established as 2-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-nitroethane-4′-O-[β-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside] (1).