Four new triterpenoids with various skeletons, maytefolins A-C (1-3) and uvaol-3-caffeate (4), were isolated from the leaves of a Brazilian medicinal plant, Maytenus ilicifolia, together with five known triterpenoids. Of these triterpenoids only erythrodiol exhibited significant cytotoxicity against KB/S, KB/VJ300, and KU 19-20 cells.