Continuing the investigation on bioactive compounds from Aristolochia genus plants in Taiwan, one new aristolochic acid derivative (aristolochic acid-VII methyl ester), one new dihydrophenanthrenelactone (aristolide-C), four new benzenoids (2'-hydroxyethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ariscucurbin-A, -B and -C), together with forty-six known compounds were isolated from fresh Aristolochia cucurbitifolia. Aristolochia cucurbitifolia HAYATA (Aristolochiaceae) is a shrub whose fruits and roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine as anodynes, antiphlogistics, antitussives, expectorants, antiasthmatic agents, and for treating snakebites and lung inflammation. Previously, aristolochic acids, aristolactams, δ denitroaristolochic acids, and sesquiterpenes have been isolated from this plant. The present report describes the isolation and structure elucidation of six new compounds (aristolochic acid-VII methyl ester, aristolide-C, 2'-hydroxyethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ariscucurbin-A, -B and -C) and forty-six known compounds from the fresh leaves of A. cucurbitifolia.