<jats:p>A novel isolate belonging to the genus <jats:italic>Streptomyces</jats:italic>, strain YIM 47672<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, was obtained from soil from Hainan, an island in China. The characterization of this isolate was performed by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed long spore chains in the aerial mycelia. The cell wall contained <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-diaminopimelic acid, traces of <jats:italic>meso</jats:italic>-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained galactose and xylose. The phospholipid was of type II. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities for YIM 47672<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> with respect to the most closely related type strains of species of the genus <jats:italic>Streptomyces</jats:italic> were less than 96.3 %. Therefore strain YIM 47672<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> represents a novel member of the genus <jats:italic>Streptomyces</jats:italic>, for which the name <jats:italic>Streptomyces hainanensis</jats:italic> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 47672<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=CCTCC AA 205017<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=DSM 41900<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>).