Studies on the alkaloid components of Papaveraceae Corydalis species have been conducted globally for a long time, with numerous alkaloids of various types (e.g., tetrahydroisoquinoline, benzylisoquinoline, cularine, aporphine, protoberberine, protopine, phthalideisoquinoline) isolated, identified, and reported in many literatures. However, there are few studies on the alkaloids of Formosan (Taiwanese) Corydalis species. In this study, we investigated the alkaloid components of Corydalis campulicarpa HAYATA, a perennial herb native to the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan. The whole plant (5.9 kg fresh weight) was collected from the roadside between Cuifeng and Hehuan Mountain in Nantou County, Taiwan, in July 1968. It was processed by ethanol maceration (nine times, 4 hours each), vacuum concentration, acetic acid treatment, chloroform extraction, and column chromatography (details in the Experimental section). Seven alkaloids were isolated, and four of them were identified: ophiocarpine (I) (the main alkaloid, colorless prismatic crystals from acetone, mp 188–189°, [α]³⁸-305° (ethanol), -290° (chloroform), molecular formula C₂₀H₂₁O₅N, identified by mixed melting point and IR (Nujol) comparison with authentic ophiocarpine), protopine (II) (colorless granular crystals from acetone, mp 199–200°, identified by similar methods), α-allocryptopine (III) (colorless granular crystals from methanol, mp 155–157° (decomp.), identified by mixed melting point and IR comparison), and berberine (IV) (yellow needle crystals as chloride from methanol, mp 205–208° (decomp.), identified via reduction to tetrahydroberberine and comparison). Ophiocarpine (I), first isolated from Corydalis ophiocarpa by Manske in 1939, was found as the major component in C. campulicarpa, marking its second natural occurrence. Bases B, E, and G were not examined in detail due to their small quantities. This study is the first report on the alkaloids of Formosan C. campulicarpa, providing new insights into the alkaloid distribution of Taiwanese Corydalis species.