Specimens of Artemisia berba-alba collected in two North African locations afforded four new germacranolides, a new eudesmanolide, and a new C₁₁-acid related to davanone. Their structures were established through a combination of spectroscopic techniques and chemical correlations. Furthermore, a corrected structure is proposed for the elemanolide, shonachalin D. Artemisia berba-alba Asso (Asteraceae), a medicinal plant that occurs around the Mediterranean basin, has been the object of several previous chemical studies. Segal and co-workers investigated chemotypes of A. berba-alba collected in various locations in Egypt and Israel and isolated several new germacranolides and eudesmanolides, named herbolides A-J (1). Spanish subspecies of A. berba-alba were studied by our group. In the course of these studies, we obtained a number of sesquiterpene lactones with the germacrane and eudesmane framework, many of which are novel (2-6). A striking difference between our compounds and those isolated by Segal et al. was the presence of oxygen functions at C-9 (germacrane and eudesmane numbering) in lactones from the African specimens. Another group did not find lactones of this type in plant material collected in the Sinai desert (7). Nevertheless, a recent investigation on an Egyptian specimen afforded some new sesquiterpene lactones, with two of them bearing oxygen functions at C-9 (8). Intrigued by these differences in the chemical composition, which could perhaps reflect taxonomic differences at the subspecies or even species level, we investigated A. berba-alba collected in Morocco and Tunisia (9,10). The results of this study are described in this communication.