A sponge of the genus Theonella collected off Perth, Australia, contained a cyclic octapeptide, perthamide B, which weakly inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]IL-1β to intact EL4.6.1 cells with an IC₅₀ of 27.6 μM. The inhibition of binding could however, not be separated from the cytotoxic effects of perthamide B. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.