A new beta-carboline-type alkaloidal glycoside, glucodichotomine B, four new neolignan glycosides, dichotomosides A, B, C, and D, and a new phenylpropanoid glycoside, dichotomoside E, were isolated from a Chinese natural medicine, the roots of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata. The structures of the new glycosides were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among them, dichotomoside D inhibited the release of beta-hexosaminidase (IC50=64 muM) as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-4 (IC50 = 16, 34 muM) in RBL-2H3 cells. These findings suggest that dichotomoside D is more effective against the late-phase reactions in type 1 allergy than in the immediate phase.