Jineol (1), a new quinoline alkaloid, was isolated from the centipede Scolopendra subspinipes, and its structure was elucidated by 2D NMR experiments as 3,8-dihydroxyquinoline. To our knowledge, jineol is the first example of an atypical 3-hydroxyquinoline alkaloid with cytotoxic activity isolated from an animal. Jineol exhibited modest cytotoxic activity in vitro against the growth of human tumor cell lines: A-549 (5.8 µg/mL), SKOV-3 (4.5 µg/mL), SK-Mel-2 (5.6 µg/mL), XF-498 (10 µg/mL), and HCT-15 (1.9 µg/mL).