Alkaloids of Aconitum orientale

Chemistry of Natural Compounds
1989.0

Abstract

The perennial herbaceous plant Aconitum orientale Mill. (family Ranunculaceae) is widely distributed in the mountain regions of Georgia. Previously, the alkaloids lappaconitine, avadharidine, and avadharine were isolated from its roots, with avadharine characterized by its physical constants and empirical formula. We investigated the epigeal part of this plant collected in the environs of Bakuriani (GSSR) during the flowering period. Ordinary chloroform extraction yielded 0.53% of total alkaloids relative to the weight of the air-dry raw material. The total alkaloids were separated into ether and chloroform fractions. The ether fraction was chromatographed on an alumina column (1:70), and six bases (I-VI) were isolated by elution with benzene and benzene-methanol, with their molecular formulas and melting points determined. Alkaloids (I)-(VI) were identified based on their spectral characteristics and comparison with authentic samples as lappaconitine, N-deacetyllappaconitine, gigactonine, cammaconine, and lycoctonine. Alkaloid (III) was identified as ranaconitine from the comparison of physicochemical constants and spectral characteristics with those reported in the literature.

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