Paclitaxel, traded under the name, taxol is the most successful anticancer phyto-drug developed in the last 50 years. The alkaloid paclitaxel and other taxoids were firstly isolated from Taxus brevifolia. The small amount of yield from natural sources and high pharmacological demand has threatened the natural plant population, due to erroneous exploitation for paclitaxel extraction. Thus, commanding to search for alternative sources of paclitaxel from Taxus and its related species. As a continuous exploration, isolation of paclitaxel and other taxanes were obtained in almost all Taxus species, and also the endophytes associated with Taxus and other related Gymnosperm taxa. This chapter reveals the botany of paclitaxel producing plants from the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.