Picrasma quassioides, a member of the Simaroubaceae family, is the subject of research in numerous pharmacological and chemical studies. This plant mainly contains alkaloids, quassinoids and terpenoids. These molecules exhibit various pharmacological benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-viral effects, on the cardiovascular system. Alkaloids make up the majority of these molecules. This review describes 127 alkaloid substances from P. quassioides. These alkaloids can be divided into the following classes: beta-carbolines, canthinones and alkaloid dimers. A compilation of their nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data and possible biosynthetic pathways of these compounds and the pharmacological effects of P. quassioides are also included.