Chemical investigation of the aerial part of Illigera aromatic S.Z. Huang & S.L. Mo has resulted in the isolation and characterization of one new aporphine alkaloid, illigerine B (1), along with three known analogues laurodionine B (2), N-formyl-laurolitsine (3) and illigerine A (4). Their structures were established by spectrometric means and physico-chemical properties. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of compound 1 against Hela, SMMC7721, and Bcap37 cell lines were evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the three tumor cell types, with IC50 values of 12.40 ± 0.78, 32.61 ± 2.05, and 28.69 ± 1.80 μg/mL. This work shown that aporphine alkaloids might be useful as characteristic markers in chemotaxonomic research of the genus Illigera. © 2019 ACG Publications. All rights reserved.