THIS communication reports the identification of two new alkaloids, related structurally and perhaps biosynthetically to gramine. Shoots of 4-day-old barley seedlings were extracted with trichloracetic acid. The centrifuged solution was extracted with ethyl ether, made alkaline and re-extracted. The ether extract of the alkaline solution was dried and concentrated. Aliquot s were chromatographed using paper impregnated with a mixture of 0.2 M dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.03 volume of 01 M citric acid1 and developed with isopropanol equilibrated with 0.29 volume of the same buffer. Sprayed with Millon's reagent1, the chromatograms showed a strong gramine spot, and two spots called here compounds A and B and identified by the evidence below as 3-aminomethylmdole and 3-methyl-aminomethylindole respectively. In addition, there was an unidentified spot. © 1961 Nature Publishing Group.