Chrysogenamide A (1), a new member of the macfortine group of alkaloids, along with four known compounds (2-5) were identified from Penicillium chrysogenum No. 005, an endophytic fungus associated with Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma. The new structure was elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectral analysis. 1 exhibited a neurocyte protection effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells. © Japan Antibiotics Research Association.